Identifying effective and sustainable treatments for chronic depression is a key issue in current psychiatric research. However, there are only very few psychotherapy studies that report follow-up effects. For the only specific psychological approach to the treatment of chronic depression, the Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy (CBASP), preliminary follow-up studies [2-4] showed promising results. For Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) for treatment-resistant depression, there is only one follow-up study [5]. Up to now, no results comparing follow-up data between MBCT and CBASP have been available. The present study investigated the follow-up of a randomized controlled trial comparing CBASP and MBCT (both applied in a group format) with treatment-as-usual (TAU) in patients with chronic depression. In addition, the moderating role of childhood adversities on outcomes was explored.